Prof. A.B. Atkinson will give the Fifth Rodolfo Debenedetti Lecture on "Earnings Dispersion in OECD Countries: A Simple Race between Supply and Demand?". The Lecture will present, in a non-technical way, the evidence about the changing distribution of earnings, how far these changes reflect changes in underlying inequality, the possible explanations of these changes, and the impact of labour market institutions and policy. The Lecture will be introduced by Giuseppe Bertola (University of Turin) and Andrea Brandolini (Bank of Italy).